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The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences Advance Access originally published online on October 13, 2009
The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences 2009 64B(6):723-732; doi:10.1093/geronb/gbp074
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© The Author 2009. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org.

Felt Obligation to Help Others as a Protective Factor Against Losses in Psychological Well-being Following Functional Decline in Middle and Later Life

Emily A. Greenfield

School of Social Work and Institute for Health, Health Care Policy, and Aging Research, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick

Address correspondence to Emily A. Greenfield, PhD, School of Social Work, Rutgers University, 536 George St., New Brunswick, NJ 08901. Email: egreenf{at}ssw.rutgers.edu


   Abstract

This study examined felt obligation to help others in two domains (close others and society) as protective factors against losses in psychological well-being following functional decline. Lagged-dependent regression models were estimated using data from 849 respondents aged 35–74 years and without any functional limitations at baseline in the 1995–2005 National Survey of Midlife in the United States. Greater felt obligation to help close others protected against declining self-acceptance in the face of more severe functional decline, and greater felt obligation to help society protected against declining personal growth and self-acceptance. Greater felt obligation to help close others and society protected against increasing depressive symptoms at younger ages in adulthood. Findings suggest the importance for additional research on how aspects of altruism can promote psychological adaptation to declining functional health in middle and later life.

Key Words: Altruism • Compassionate love • Disability • Resilience • Social relationships • Social responsibility

Received December 14, 2008; Accepted August 14, 2009


Decision Editor: Rosemary Blieszner, PhD


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